Rectoscopy

Rectoscopy is a diagnostic examination that allows direct visualization of the rectum, the final part of the large intestine. It is a quick and relatively simple procedure used to identify causes of rectal bleeding and detect polyps, inflammation, tumors, or other abnormalities in the rectal mucosa. In addition to diagnostics, tissue samples (biopsies) or small polyp removals can be performed during the exam.

Rectoscopy is recommended for individuals experiencing rectal bleeding, changes in bowel habits, a feeling of incomplete bowel movements, mucus in the stool, or prolonged constipation. It is also used to monitor previously diagnosed conditions.

The rectum must be completely empty before the procedure to ensure a clear and accurate view. Your doctor may instruct you to use a laxative or enema the evening before and/or a few hours before the exam. A special diet is not usually required, but a light meal the day before may be recommended. On the day of the procedure, it is advised to come on an empty stomach unless instructed otherwise.

Rectoscopy is typically performed without general anesthesia and takes only a few minutes. The patient lies on their side while a thin, rigid rectoscope is gently inserted into the rectum. Slight discomfort may occur, but the procedure is generally not painful. If necessary, tissue samples can be taken or small lesions removed. The procedure is safe, and complications are rare.

After the rectoscope, patients can generally return to their normal activities immediately. Temporary discomfort, such as mild bloating or pressure, may occur due to air introduced during the exam—these symptoms usually resolve within a few hours. If a biopsy or polyp removal is performed, light rectal bleeding is possible. In case of heavier bleeding, severe abdominal pain, fever, or any unusual symptoms, contact your doctor promptly.